This mill, built in 1870 by Robert Villines, replaced an earlier 1840 mill built by Abner Casey. The Casey mill waspurchased by Samuel Whiteley, and known as Whiteley's Millduring the CIvil War skirmish known as the "Battle of Whiteley's Mill", which took place in the vicinity of the mill in April 1864 (see website above the picture).

The original 1840 mill was replaced by the current mill in 1870 by Robert Villines. The new mill proved to be more efficient and cost effective. Robert's son, James Larkin Villines, and later his grandson, Robert's son Clyde owned and operated the mill.

Milling services were provided to the Boxley Valley, which is, a part of the upper Buffalo River Valley. The mill has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since July 1971 and is also listed on the register as a contributing structure to the Big Buffalo Valley Historic District since 1987.